That is to update the software on you system. You will receive any security patches if there are any available. Without those patches your system will be vulnerable. You can update Whonix using the terminal.
Not sure. Look for the error using your search engine.
Taken from https://forums.whonix.org/t/kdesudo-error-popup-window-sdwdate-gui/5642/26
Will solve the issue:
- go to “system settings -> startup and shutdown -> desktop session.”
- in the “on login” section, change it from “restore previous session” to “start with an empty session.”
You don’t want to change the first Tor relay. That is your entry guard.
https://whonix.org/wiki/Tor_Entry_Guards
Not sure. I would have to see a log or the “weird string”. Try using your search engine to see if the sting returns anything. That could get you pointed in the right direction.