As the title states, Whonix-Workstation is able to continue sending and receiving all packets while Whonix-Gateway is unresponsive. While I am able to send a SHUTDOWN signal from VirtualBox Manager, after a long delay, the Whonix-Gateway eventually shuts down.
My understanding was that Whonix-Workstation didn’t know its own IP and would not be able to reach the internet without a responsive Whonix-Gateway.