But what would I need to do if I want IceWeasel using TOR → VPN → Internet and not the Tor browser?
I managed to get connected to the VPN, but everything still seems to go through TOR, I would like IceWeasel to use the VPN instead of bypassing it though. After reading the documentation I assumed if I would put IceWeasel’s connection settings to “No Proxy” it wouldn’t bypass the tunnel. But I guess I was a bit too optimistic since it keeps bypassing the VPN. It is ok if the torbrowser bypasses the tunnel, it’s actually wanted behaviour so I don’t want to change that unless there is really no other way around it.
Tor Browser settings don’t influence iceweasel so you can leave that as is.
Nothing that Whonix does makes the VPN bypass the VPN.
A general note [applies to any operating system using VPN] - you must
start the VPN first. Not start icewasel, then start the VPN. Because
last time I checked, existing connections are not touched by the VPN.
Even if you think you had iceweasel closed, it might have still be run
in the background (crashed).
Yes it also happens after rebooting, the VPN connects automatically on boot, so I definitely have the VPN up and running before I start Iceweasel.
Also tried disconnecting and reconnecting the VPN and restarting iceweasel, nothing really changes, if I go to check.torproject.org it always congratulates me for using tor.