Hi whonix
The Tor Bowser you were using and the Tor Browser used in Whonix are one in the same (no difference). However it is likely that you are using a different Tor entry guard than used previously. You may want to try changing your entry guard temporarily to see if that helps.
https://whonix.org/wiki/FAQ#Whonix_has_Slowed_Tor_Connections_Dramatically.21
Use:
a) Easy: Whonix-Gateway Clone
Keep in mind that Amazon and Google have pulled domain fronting which is needed for pluggable transports such as meek and meek_lite. Microsoft’s Azure Cloud will soon be pulling the plug as well. This also could be affecting your ability to connect.
https://blog.torproject.org/domain-fronting-critical-open-web
Something else you can try is creating a Debian VM in VirtualBox and see if you can connect to the internet.